Severianno antonio de castilho



(No Model.)

S. A.. DE GA'STILHO.

PIRE ESCAPE.

No. 451,852. Patented May 5, 1891.

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` UNITED STATES ATnNT FFICE.

SEVERIANNO ANTONIO DE OASTILHO, OF NE\VOASTLEONTYNE, ENGLAND.

FIRE-ESCAPE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 451,852, dated May 5, 1891.

Application tiled December 11, 1890. Serial No. 374,391. (No model.) Patented in England May 30, 1890, No. 8,363.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEVERIANNO ANTONIO DE OASTILHO, Brazilian naval ofcer of the Republic of the United States of Brazil, residing in Newcastle-on-Tyne, Northumberland county, England, have invented certain Improvements in Fire-Escapes, (for which I have obtained a British Patent, No. 8,368, dated May 30, 1390,) ot' which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in lire-escapes and apparatus therefor, and has for its object the provision of a simple and eicient mode of escape from the several lioors of any building on fire.

I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows a side view of the complete apparatus; Fig. 2, an end vertical section of the pulley and brake device thereof, and Fig. 3 an enlarged explanatory sectional View of part of the same brake device.

Like letters or marks of reference designate like parts.

Referring to the iigures,the drum or pulley n is shown mounted on an axlen, secured in a bracket n2, bolted to the jib-frame n3, fixed in a socket n4, bolted to the window-sill n.

n is the rope or cable, the movements of which are governed by a fr ictional brake nl, attached to the pulley n. This brake consists of alternate layers (see Fig. 3) of light circular steel plates n.8, carried by the drumspindle n', and brass plates n?, carried by the drum and acted upon by a disk-spring m, the compression of which is governed by a nut m and handle 'm2 on the spindle. To the spindle is also fixed a ratchet-wheel m3, engaging a pawl m4 on the bracket n2. When lowering, the spindle n and handles m5 and m2 are held from revolving by means of the pawl, and consequently the weight will only lower by overcoming the friction of the brake, and if the friction be too little it can be increased by screwing up the nut m by means of the handle m2. To lift the rope again the crank-handle m5 is turned, and it, being fixed to the spindle, will revolve the drum, provided the weight to lift be not greater than the friction at which the brake is set. Should it be desired at any time to lower the rope without any weight attached, the crank-handle m5 should be revolved in the direction of lowering, while the pawl m4 is held clear of the ratchet-wheel by the trigger m of the pawl.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The combination, with the jib-frame n3, of the bracket n2 on the jib-frame, the drum n, the spindle n', the brake-plates ns 07,9, the diskspring m, the handle m2, the nut m', the

ratchet-wheel 'm3, and the pawl m4, all arranged and acting together substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' g S. A. DE CASTILHO.

Witnesses:

A. MARsHALL CHAPMAN, J. A. HARVEY. 

